The Northeast Megalopolis is largely determined by Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington. However, additional smaller cities also play a role in the BosWash corridor, sometimes suburban, sometimes satellite cities, other times by way of being independent in their own right. Occasionally included are northern and southern extensions of the Northeast Megalopolis to cover Portsmouth, Portland, and Bangor to the north; and Richmond and Hampton Roads to the south. Regardless of definition, however, the Northeast Megalopolis is defined by a nearly continuous string of urbanized and suburbanized areas, and travel particularly within the Boston to Washington corridor rarely involves traveling through rural areas. Even in broader definitions, the extent of the corridor ranges significantly within more urban areas, though Virginia, New Hampshire, and Maine offer breaks from the consistent urban grind. For Virginia, the only truly urban areas, many of which are clearly separated by rural territory, are Northern Virginia (NOVA), Fredericksburg, Richmond, Williamsburg, and Hampton Roads communities. In the case of Northern New England, the extent of the Megalopolis in New Hampshire may also deviate from the coast, with Manchester serving the role of the largest city in the State and Concord the capital city—all while the region remains under the orbit of Boston.
The Vermont Question
If the Northeast Megalopolis stretches toward Richmond, Williamsburg, and Hampton Roads, then logically, the next question is, “what about Vermont?” While the State of Vermont has no obvious answer as only smaller communities exist within this second-least-populated US state, perhaps the most correct of correct answers would be that the State should not be considered part of the Northeast, as the rural pass-through areas in Virginia are gateways and the State of Vermont is off the direct corridor path. Possible communities to consider as part of the Northeast Megalopolis may include the following:
- Burlington, VT — Largest City in the State of Vermont
- Brattleboro, VT — Strong Cultural Connections to Hartford and the Pioneer Valley
- Bennington, VT — A University Town in Southwestern Vermont
Apart from the three communities in Vermont listed above, the cultural characteristics of Vermont are clearly distinct from the other New England states in even the more rural areas elsewhere in Northern New England, so Vermont may not actually be considered part of the Megalopolis. If Burlington were considered, then the next question would be, “what about Plattsburgh?” If Plattsburgh is included, next is the idea that the Megalopolis may extend into Canada by way of Montréal, but in reality, the Northeast definition is only accurate to within the United States.
Smaller Cities within the Northeast Megalopolis
Smaller cities are also of major national importance within the Northeast Megalopolis region of the United States. Such regions include cities located in between the major cities and can be located anywhere in the direct path of the region, with notable core urban communities including Providence, Newport, Hartford, New Haven, Springfield, Albany, Poughkeepsie, Schenectady, Newark, Jersey City, Trenton, Camden, Wilmington, Dover, and Annapolis, just to name a few.
Satellite Cities within the Northeast
Within the Northeast Megalopolis, satellite cities are often prevalent in proximity to some of the largest cities in the region and nation alike. Such communities include Massachusetts include, but are not limited to, Framingham, Worcester, Leominster, Fitchburg, Brockton, Plymouth, Salem, Beverly, Peabody, New Bedford, Fall River, Attleboro, Taunton, Cambridge, Somerville, Medford, Holyoke, Chicopee, Amherst, Northampton, North Adams, and Pittsfield. Within Connecticut, these communities may include Meriden, New Britain, Storrs, Willimantic, Windsor, Windsor Locks, New London, Fairfield, Stratford, Bridgeport, Greenwich, Stamford, Darien, and Danbury. Rhode Island communities such as Warwick, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, and Westerly may be included in the regional definition, along with Little Compton nearer the Newport area.
In the Mid-Atlantic region, notable satellites and major suburban areas may include the following communities:
- In New York: Kingston, Middletown, Port Jervis, Newburgh, Catskill, Hudson, Coxsackie, Mahopac, Carmel, Yonkers, White Plains, Henpstead, Oyster Bay, Riverhead, Southold, Southampton, Montauk, Orient, Rensselaer, Troy, East Greenbush
- In New Jersey: Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, Hackensack, Morristown, Newton, Vernon, Princeton, Trenton, Camden, Somerville, Freehold, Shrewsbury, Asbury Park, Flemington
- In Pennsylvania: Allentown, Reading, Lancaster, Bethlehem, Easton, West Chester, Media, Norristown, Doylestown, Upper Darby (Township), Swarthmore, Gwynedd, Levittown (an early modern suburb), Manheim, Chadds Ford, Kennett Square, Valley Forge (historically within the modern region)
- In Delaware: Wilmington, Newark. New Castle, Smyrna, Dover, Camden (suburban), Wyoming (suburban), and the following even smaller town communities:
- Georgetown
- Milford
- Lewes
- Rehoboth Beach
- Fenwick Island
- Delmar
- In Maryland: Annapolis, Frederick, Glen Burnie, Silver Spring, Towson, Elkton, Havre de Grace, Bel Air
- Usually, the Eastern Shore, part of the Delmarva Peninsula, would not be included within the definition of the Northeast Megalopolis as the region is predominantly rural. However, the region is home to Ocean Pines, Ocean City, Easton, Cambridge, and Salisbury, along with numerous smaller communities scattered throughout the region.
- In Virginia:
- Definitely included: Arlington County (not an incorporated city, town, or otherwise), Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, Manassas Park
- Included by association: Leesburg/Purcellville (Loudoun County), Washington (Rappahannock County, though extremely rural), Culpeper, Madison (rural county), Orange
- Sometimes Included: Fredericksburg, Richmond, Williamsburg, Newport News, Hampton, Poquoson, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Norfolk, Suffolk, Portsmouth, and surrounding communities
North Carolina, while rarely considered in the definition of the Northeast Megalopolis, may suffice within the area around Elizabeth City in Pasquotank County. Located in Pasquotank County, North Carolina, this community is within relative proximity to the Hampton Roads region, chiefly located over the line in Virginia. Similarly, due to outlying locations and distance, Pittsburgh, Erie, Charlottesville, Roanoke, Lynchburg, Hagerstown, Buffalo, Rochester, and similar Appalachian and surrounding communities should not be classified as Northeastern, though cultural traits in more university-oriented communities further west, such as Cornell in Ithaca, New York, may be more akin to the Megalopolis back east.